大屠杀

• 极权主义的中国特色 （九）

 

The massacre

- Chinese Characteristics of Totalitarianism (9)

By Oliver Tao



（六四大屠杀图片来自《天安门母亲》网站和《六四档案》网站）

(Pictures of the June 4th Massacre are from the website of Tiananmen Mothers and the June 4th Archives website)

屠杀：故意地、大量地杀害‘不具备防卫能力的人类’的行为，称之为屠杀；虽然它不包括战争进行中的杀戮行为，但包括对失去反抗能力的战俘和平民的杀戮行为。

Massacre: The deliberate and massive killing of 'undefensible human beings' is called massacre; although it does not include slaughter during war, it does include slaughter of incapacitated prisoners of war and civilians.

大屠杀：较为严重的具有一定规模的屠杀行为，称之为大屠杀。大屠杀通常是政府行为，或政府许可和默认的行为；大屠杀是国家公器最血腥的犯罪形式，它可以有一下这些类别：

Holocaust: A more serious massacre with a certain scale is called a holocaust. Holocausts are usually acts of government, or sanctioned and acquiesced by governments; Holocausts are the bloodiest form of crime on the state apparatus, and it can fall into the following categories:

阶级灭绝：清除和杀戮阶级异己分子，或整体灭绝某一社会阶级；设置特色图片

种族灭绝：清除和杀戮一个种族、族群、或国族；

政治灭绝：清除和杀戮政治异见者和政治反对派；

宗教灭绝：清除和杀戮某一异教和异教徒，或者清除和杀戮所有宗教和宗教信徒。

民众灭绝：一个国家对本国或外国国民进行的广泛的灭绝行为。并非特指某个阶级、族群、政党、或教徒；它是针对民众整体的杀戮。

Class extermination: the removal and killing of class dissidents, or the total extermination of a social class;

Genocide: The removal and killing of a race, ethnic group, or nation;

Political genocide: the removal and killing of political dissidents and political opponents;

Religious Extermination: The eradication and killing of a certain pagan religion and infidels, or the eradication and killing of all religions and adherents of religions.

Popular extermination: A widespread act of extermination by a state against its own or foreign nationals. It does not refer to a particular class, ethnic group, political party, or religious; it is the killing of the population as a whole.

1989年6月4日发生在北京由中国政府调动野战部队对手无寸铁的市民和学生使用坦克和机枪扫射的行为完全符合上述关于“大屠杀”的定义，尤其是“民众灭绝”的定义，即针对民众整体的杀戮。六四是一场地地道道的大屠杀。

On June 4, 1989, in Beijing, the Chinese government mobilized field troops using tanks and machine guns to fire on unarmed citizens and students. It is completely in line with the above definition of "massacre", especially the definition of "Population extermination", that is, the killing of the population as a whole. June 4th was a downright massacre.

反人类罪包括对人类的迫害，对人类的虐待和对人类的杀戮。毫无异议，六四屠杀是中国政府动用国家机器犯下的反人类罪。

Crimes against humanity include the persecution of human beings, the abuse of human beings and the killing of human beings. There is no doubt that the June 4 massacre is a crime against humanity committed by the Chinese government using its state apparatus.

由《天安门母亲》网站记录在案的六四屠杀遇难者就有203名。这是民间收集的数据，是死难者家属克服重重阻力，三三两两收集起来的数据，距离真实的死难者人数还相去甚远。由于中国官方拒绝公布真实数据，故被杀害的死难者的实际人数肯定远在此数字之上。民间学者对六四屠杀罹难人数的估计在2,000-10,000不等。

The Tiananmen Mothers website recorded 203 victims of the June 4 massacre. This is the data collected by the private sector, the data collected in dribs and drabs by the families of the deceased overcoming many obstacles, and it is still far from the actual number of victims. Since Chinese officials refuse to release real figures, the actual number of people killed must be much higher. Folk scholars' estimates of the death toll of the June 4 massacre range from 2,000 to 10,000.

伊拉克前总统萨达姆·侯赛因在1982年杀害了148名杜贾尔村什叶派村民，于2006年被判定危害人类罪，并被处以死刑立即实行。

科索沃前总统哈希姆·萨奇涉及100宗对政治异见者的谋杀案，被海牙国际法庭指控为危害人类罪。

对比上例，将六四屠杀称之为“大屠杀”，定之为反人类罪，完全符合国际惯例。

Former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein, who killed 148 Shiite villagers in the village of Dujar in 1982, was convicted of crimes against humanity in 2006 and sentenced to death immediately.

Former Kosovo President Hashem Saatchi has been charged with crimes against humanity by the International Court of Justice in The Hague in connection with 100 murders of political dissidents.

In contrast to the previous example, calling the June 4 massacre a "massacre" and defining it as a crime against humanity is completely in line with international practice.

在天安门母亲网站里，高耸着一座座六四死难者纪念碑:

编号001 蒋捷连：男，遇难年龄17，青涩少年。在木樨地，子弹从背后左侧穿胸而过，伤及心脏。送儿童医院抢救无效死亡。

编号002 王楠：男，遇难年龄19，在南长街南口头部中弹倒地。戒严部队禁止救护队抢救，身亡；

编号003 杨明湖：男，遇难年龄42，在东长安街，遭遇戒严部队扫射，腹部中弹，身亡；

编号016 段昌隆：男，遇难年龄24，左侧心脏大动脉中弹，系小口径手枪近距离射击致死；

编号017王卫萍：女，遇难年龄25，在木樨地附近抢救伤员时，颈部动脉中弹而亡；

编号019 王培文：男，遇难年龄21，在六部口被坦克碾死；

编号020董晓军：男，遇难年龄20，在六部口被坦克碾死；

编号021袁力：男，遇难年龄29，在木樨地咽部中弹，子弹将胸部穿透，死亡……

编号023吴国锋：男，遇难年龄21，连中四枪，一枪在后脑勺上，腹部有8公分刺刀刀口；

编号048林仁富：男，遇难年龄30，北科大应届博士毕业生，在六部口被坦克碾死；

编号054田道民：男，遇难年龄22，在六部口被坦克碾死；

编号078龚纪芳：女，遇难年龄19，花样年华。在六部口左胳膊中弹（炸子）倒地，由毒瓦斯造成肺部糜烂，送北京市急救中心，抢救无效身亡……

编号102罗维：男，遇难年龄30，腹内取出两颗子弹，一颗为汤姆弹，在腹内炸开，伤及肝、肾、胆、胃及消化道，广安医院曾作肝、胃修补术，不治，死于急性肾功能衰竭；

编号156杜光旭：男，遇难年龄24，被戒严部队击中太阳穴，在送往医院的途中死亡；

编号167李浩成：男，遇难年龄20，被戒严部队击中两弹，致命一弹位于肝部，送同仁医院抢救无效死亡；

……

正是天安门母亲把这些悲惨的故事公诸于世，维护了死者和生者的尊严，她们是六四屠杀的见证者，她们的每一篇证词都是大史笔，都将以历史的悲苍感召后人。

On the Tiananmen Mothers website, there are monuments to the victims of June 4:

No. 001 Jiang Jielian: Male, 17 years old when killed, young boy. In Muxidi, the bullet passed through the chest from the back and left, injuring the heart. He died after being sent to the Children's Hospital.

No. 002 Wang Nan: Male, aged 19, he was shot in the head at the south entrance of Nanchang Street and fell to the ground. Martial law troops forbid the ambulance team to rescue, died;

No. 003 Yang Minghu: Male, aged 42, on East Chang'an Avenue, he was shot by martial law troops, shot in the abdomen, and died;

No. 016 Duan Changlong: male, aged 24, was shot in the left heart aorta, killed by a small-caliber pistol at close range;

No. 017 Wang Weiping: Female, aged 25, was shot in the neck artery while rescuing the wounded near Muxidi;

No. 019 Wang Peiwen: Male, age 21, was run over by a tank at Liubukou;

No. 020 Dong Xiaojun: Male, aged 20, was run over by a tank at Liubukou;

No. 021 Yuan Li: Male, age 29, was shot in the throat of Muxidi, the bullet penetrated the chest, died...

Serial No. 023 Wu Guofeng: Male, aged 21, was shot four times in a row, one on the back of the head, and had an 8 cm bayonet blade on his abdomen;

No. 048 Lin Renfu: Male, age 30, a fresh doctoral graduate of Beijing University of Science and Technology, was run over by a tank in Liubukou;

No. 054 Tian Daomin: Male, age 22, was run over by a tank at Liubukou;

No. 078 Gong Jifang: Female, aged 19, in the Mood for Love. He was shot (explosive) in Liubukou's left arm and fell to the ground, his lungs were eroded by poisonous gas, and he was sent to the Beijing Emergency Center.

No. 102 Luo Wei: Male, aged 30, two bullets were taken out of the abdomen, one was Tom bomb, which exploded in the abdomen, injuring the liver, kidney, gallbladder, stomach and digestive tract. Guang'an Hospital used to make liver and stomach Repair surgery, died, died of acute renal failure;

No. 156 Du Guangxu: Male, age 24, was hit in the temple by martial law troops and died on the way to the hospital;

No. 167 Li Haocheng: Male, age 20, was hit by martial law troops twice, and the fatal one was located in the liver. He was sent to Tongren Hospital and died after being rescued.

六四屠杀是偶发事件吗？当然不是，它是极权主义大屠杀链中必然的一环，是共产主义政权一系列大屠杀中的一个而已。

早在上个世纪五十年代，中共刚刚夺取政权，为肃清敌对势力，便开始发动了一系列的政治运动，而每次的政治运动的过程和结果都指向对普通民众的迫害、监禁和杀戮，比如：

Was the June 4 massacre an accidental event? Of course not, it is an inevitable link in the chain of totalitarian massacres, one in a series of massacres by the communist regime.

As early as the 1950s, just after the CCP seized power, in order to eliminate hostile forces, it launched a series of political campaigns, and the process and results of each political campaign pointed to the persecution, imprisonment and killing of ordinary people. ,for example:

土地改革运动，在消灭中国农村地主和乡绅阶级，摧毁中国传统文明和道德的同时，由于运动的暴力和血腥方式，造成大约100-500万人非正常死亡（在这个过程中大量的地主富农及其家属被处决）。这是一场典型的阶级灭绝运动。

镇压反革命运动，简称“镇反运动”。根据中共中央党史研究室的报告显示：这场运动动用政府和军队力量，共抓捕了260万人，镇压了157·6万人，处决了87·3万人。而民间学者估计镇反运动共处决了大约100-200万人。这是典型的阶级灭绝加政治灭绝运动。

三反五反运动，又称“打老虎运动”，是针对工商界的整肃运动，反击资本家对党的“猖狂进攻”，许多资本家和工商人士或被迫自杀，或被处决，或被折磨致死。这是阶级清洗运动。

肃反运动，全称“肃清暗藏的反革命分子运动”，是“镇反运动”的后继运动，有超过10万人被俘，5.3万人非正常死亡。这属于阶级灭绝和政治灭绝运动。

反右运动，据官方数据显示，有55万人遭受迫害，其中主要为批评中国共产党的知识分子，他们被戴上“反党”的帽子，或被改造和关押，或被折磨致死，或含冤自杀，或被处决。虽然死亡人数不确定，但各地均有大量的知识分子被整死。这是典型的政治灭绝运动。

大跃进运动，又称“三面红旗运动”，是导致1960年中国大饥荒的主要原因之一。大饥荒夺走了大约2000万至4500万人的生命。人为造成的饥荒是屠杀的另一种形式。这是危害人类罪。

四清运动，为防修反修而在中国农村展开的政治运动，又称“社会主义教育运动”，“清政治，清经济，清组织，清思想”。暴力事件频发，一共肃整了532万人，其中7.8万人被整死，逼死。这是民众灭绝的初期表现。

The land reform movement, while eradicating China's rural landlords and gentry classes, and destroying traditional Chinese civilization and morality, caused about 1-5 million unnatural deaths due to the violent and bloody methods of the movement (during this process, a large number of landlords, rich peasants and family members were executed). This is a typical class extermination movement.

Suppression of counter-revolutionary movements, referred to as "repression of counter-revolutionary movements". According to the report of the Party History Research Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, this movement used the power of the government and the army to arrest 2.6 million people, suppress 1.576 million people, and execute 873,000 people. Folk scholars estimate that the anti-revolutionary movement executed about 1-2 million people. This is a typical class extermination and political extermination movement.

The Three-Anti-Five-Anti Movement, also known as the "Tiger Fighting Movement", is a purging campaign against the industrial and commercial circles to counter the "rampant attack" of the capitalists against the Party. Many capitalists and businessmen were forced to commit suicide, or were executed, or tortured to death. . This is a class cleansing movement.

The campaign to eradicate counter-revolutionaries, the full name of the campaign to eliminate hidden counter-revolutionaries, was the successor to the campaign to suppress counter-revolutionaries. More than 100,000 people were captured and 53,000 died unnaturally. This is the class extermination and political extermination movement.

In the anti-rightist movement, according to official data, 550,000 people have been persecuted, mainly intellectuals critical of the Chinese Communist Party. They have been labeled as "anti-Party", or have been reformed and imprisoned, or tortured to death, or have been wronged commit suicide, or be executed. Although the death toll is uncertain, a large number of intellectuals were killed everywhere. This is a typical genocide movement.

The Great Leap Forward Movement, also known as the "Three Red Flags Movement", was one of the main causes of the Great Famine in China in 1960. The Great Famine claimed between 20 and 45 million lives. Man-made famines are another form of slaughter. This is a crime against humanity.

The Four Cleansing Movement, a political movement launched in rural China to prevent and reverse revisionism, is also known as the "socialist education movement", "clean up politics, clean up economy, clean up organization, clean up thought". Violent incidents occurred frequently, and a total of 5.32 million people were purged, of which 78,000 were tortured to death. This is the first manifestation of the extinction of the people.

文化大革命，批斗、武斗、政治大清洗，破四旧（砸庙宇，砸道覌，砸教堂），一打三反运动，清查五一六反革命集团，清理阶级队伍，造成大约一亿人受到迫害，至少172万至2000万人非正常死亡。发生在各地的大屠杀，较为严重的有：

“广西文革大屠杀”，不仅把专政对象杀死，甚至发生了人吃人的现象，罹难人数达10-15万；

“广东文革大屠杀”，包括阳江大屠杀和儋县大屠杀，罹难人数约4600；

“湖南文革大屠杀”，包括道县大屠杀和邵阳县大屠杀，罹难人数约1万多；

“江西文革大屠杀”，包括发生在瑞金、兴国和于都县的大屠杀，罹难人数约1000人；

“云南文革大屠杀”，包括滇西挺进纵队案、赵健民特务案和沙甸事件，罹难人数约8800人；

“四川文革大屠杀”，包括万州和涪陵事件，罹难人数约693人。

文化大革命集阶级灭绝，种族灭绝，政治灭绝，宗教灭绝和民众灭绝之大成。

清查“五·一六反革命集团”运动，整肃扩大化，几百万人遭到迫害，整死了大约10万人。这属于政治灭绝行为。

The Cultural Revolution, criticism fight, martial fight, political purges, the destruction of the four olds (smashing temples, smashing Taoist temples, and smashing churches), one attack and three anti-movements, an inspection of the May 16 counter-revolutionary groups, and a clean-up of the class ranks, resulting in about 100 million people being harassed. Persecution, at least 1.72 million to 20 million unnatural deaths. The most serious massacres in various provinces and places are:

The "Guangxi Cultural Revolution Massacre" not only killed the target of dictatorship, but even caused the phenomenon of cannibalism, with the number of victims reaching 100,000-150,000;

The "Guangdong Cultural Revolution Massacre", including the Yangjiang Massacre and the Danxian Massacre, killed about 4,600 people;

The "Hunan Cultural Revolution Massacre", including the Daoxian Massacre and the Shaoyang County Massacre, killed about 10,000 people;

"Jiangxi Cultural Revolution Massacre", including the massacres in Ruijin, Xingguo and Yudu counties, with about 1,000 casualties;

"Yunnan Cultural Revolution Massacre", including the case of advancing column in western Yunnan, the Zhao Jianmin spy case and the Shadian incident, the number of victims was about 8,800;

The "Sichuan Cultural Revolution Massacre", including the Wanzhou and Fuling incidents, killed about 693 people.

The Cultural Revolution was the culmination of class extermination, genocide, political extermination, religious extermination and popular extermination.

The "May 16th Counter-Revolutionary Group" movement was investigated and expanded. Millions of people were persecuted, and about 100,000 people died. This is an act of political genocide.

藏区骚乱，军事镇压造成8.7万人死亡。属于种族灭绝和宗教灭绝。

“内人党”事件，对“内蒙古人民革命党”进行的政治清洗，近百万人受到牵连，罹难人数约2-10万，多为蒙古族。这是一起大血案，大冤案，这是种族灭绝事件。

新疆再教育营，关押着将近一百万人，对维吾尔民族进行语言和文化清洗，破坏民族信仰，强制将孩童与父母分离，强迫实施绝育，被人权组织指控为“种族灭绝”和‘人口灭绝“。

The riots in Tibetan areas and the military crackdown resulted in the death of 87,000 people. Belonging to genocide and religious genocide.

The "Inner People's Party" incident, the political purge of the "Inner Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party", implicated nearly one million people, and the number of victims was about 20,000 to 100,000, mostly Mongolians. This is a big bloody case, a big injustice, this is a genocide.

Xinjiang re-education camps, detaining nearly one million people, carrying out linguistic and cultural cleansing of the Uyghur ethnic group, destroying national beliefs, forcibly separating children from their parents, forcibly sterilizing, accused by human rights organizations of "genocide" and 'demographic genocide' ".

以上仅仅是对中国国家机器对普通民众实施大屠杀的初略估计，发生在中国的这些大屠杀和血腥暴力具有历史的惯性，每隔两三年就要再来一次，或者隔三五年再来一次。在极权主义中国，要维持统治就必须持续地制造恐怖；而要持续地制造恐怖，就要持续地对百姓进行杀戮。制造各种各样的借口实行大屠杀则被视为主要手段。大屠杀—>恐怖威慑—>维持统治，这就是极权主义血腥统治的逻辑。

The above is only a preliminary estimate of the massacres carried out by the Chinese state apparatus against ordinary people, and these massacres and bloody violence in China have a historical inertia, and they must be repeated every two or three years, or every three or five years. In totalitarian China, to maintain its rule, it is necessary to continue to create terror; And to continue to create terror, it is necessary to continue to kill the people. The creation of various pretexts for mass murder was seen as the main means. The Holocaust – > terror deterrence – > maintain its rule, and this is the logic of totalitarian bloody rule.

这些大屠杀和血腥暴力都是有预谋的国家机器犯罪行为，多数为国家公权犯罪和国家刑事犯罪。中共滥用国家权力和国家公器大规模肃整、抓捕、关监和屠杀民众，这是彻头彻尾的公权犯罪；即便按照当时中国的法律来判，这些屠杀行为之野蛮、之残暴、之毫无人性，皆可依据刑事法入罪，因此，可以确切地说这些屠杀都是国家刑事犯罪。这些屠杀属于国家机器实行的大屠杀。

These massacres and bloody violence are premeditated state-machine crimes, most of which are crimes committed by the public power of the State and criminal offenses of the State. The CCP's abuse of state power and state instruments to purge, arrest, imprison, and slaughter the people on a large scale is a complete crime of public power; Even if it was judged according to the laws of China at that time, the barbarism, brutality, and inhumanity of these massacres could be criminalized under the criminal law, so it can be said with certainty that these massacres were all state criminal offenses. These massacres belong to the mass slaughters carried out by the state apparatus.

这一系列的大屠杀和血腥暴力都得到了所谓的社会主义制度的保障，正是这个制度提供了杀人机器，提供了积极实施屠杀参与屠杀的党的各级机构和党员，提供了军人、警察、国安乃至武装民兵，提供了监狱，提供了物质保障，屠杀才可能进行，因此这些屠杀又属于制度性的大屠杀。

This series of massacres and bloody violence was guaranteed by the so-called socialist system, which provided the killing machine, the party organs and party members at all levels, who actively carried out the massacres and participated in the massacres, provided the soldiers, the polices, the national security and even the armed militias, prisons, and material support, so that massacres could be carried out. These massacres belonged to the institutional massacre.

这一系列的大屠杀和血腥暴力都是在共产党的意识形态之下，以“革命的名义”，以“政治正确”的名义进行的。这些以革命的名义和政治正确的名义所形成的巨大的舆论场，推动着屠杀向前。因此这些屠杀又可谓之以意识形态杀人，或意识形态性质的大屠杀。

This series  of massacres and bloody violence was carried out under the ideology of the Communist Party, in the name of "revolution" and in the name of "political correctness." These huge fields of public opinion, formed in the name of revolution and political correctness, pushed the slaughter forward. Therefore, these massacres can also be described as ideological killings, or ideological massacres.

在全世界范围内，共产主义政权下的大屠杀共造成总计8500万到1亿人的非正常死亡。规模较大的杀戮主要发生在三个国家，它们分别是前苏联，共产党中国和红色高棉领导下的柬埔寨；规模较小的杀戮发生在北朝鲜、越南、东德、罗马尼亚，保加利亚和匈牙利。不论大屠杀发生在那个国家，都带有明显的法西斯特征。

Worldwide, massacres under communist regimes have resulted in the unnatural deaths of a total of 85 million to 100 million people. The larger killings occurred mainly in three countries: the former Soviet Union, Communist China and Cambodia under the leadership of the Khmer Rouge; Smaller killings took place in North Korea, Vietnam, East Germany, Romania, Bulgaria and Hungary. Whether the Holocaust took place in that country, it had a distinctly fascist character.

苏联在斯大林黑暗统治时期，根据其政治局委员雅科夫列夫所作《共产主义记录》一书记载，被杀害的人约为2000万，根据斯坦福大学胡佛研究所苏联史学家康奎斯基的《大恐怖》一书记载，苏共中央要对至少1500万人的死亡负责。将阶级敌人就地正法的红色恐怖，对哥萨克的种族灭绝，被称之为大清洗的政治迫害运动，古拉格集中营，内务人民委员会，蒙古大清洗，卡廷大屠杀，波罗的海屠杀，乌克兰大饥荒，包括普京近期在乌克兰实行的布查大屠杀，等等，死人无数，从斯大林的苏联到普京的俄罗斯所杀害的人数大约在3000万到4000万。

During Stalin's dark reign, the Soviet Union, according to the book "Record of Communism" by its Politburo commissioner Yakovlev, about 20 million people were killed; according to the book "The Great Terror" by the Soviet historian At the Hoover Institute at Stanford University, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) was responsible for the deaths of at least 15 million people. The Red Terror that brought class enemies to justice on the spot, the genocide against the Cossacks, the political persecution campaign known as the “Great Purge”, the Gulag concentration camps, the NKVDs, the Great Purge of Mongolia, the Katyn Massacre, the Baltic Massacre, the Great Famine in Ukraine, including Putin's recent Butcha Massacre in Ukraine and so on. Countless people are killed. The number of people killed, from Stalin's Soviet Union to Putin's Russia, is about 30 million to 40 million.

柬埔寨的红色高棉在其实行国家社会主义统治期间，大约有220万人被处死或被迫害致死。全国大约有150处杀人场和万人坑，2万多处墓地，埋葬着110万死难者。可谓尸骨成山。这个只有700万人口的小国，竟然有三分之一的人，被迫害致死，令人毛骨悚然。红色高棉不仅杀害本国柬埔寨人，还越过边境杀害越南人，制造了巴祝大屠杀，杀害了3157人，并引发越南入侵。红色高棉元首乔森潘由于在其统治期间实施红色恐怖和大屠杀被柬埔寨法院特别法庭判决危害人类罪，终身监禁。

During Cambodia's Khmer Rouge National Socialist rule, about 2.2 million people were executed or persecuted to death. There are about 150 killing fields and mass graves in the country, more than 20,000 cemeteries, and 1.1 million victims are buried. It can be described as a mountain of bones. In this small country of only 7 million people, one-third of the population has been persecuted to death, which is terrifying. The Khmer Rouge Communist Party (KRCP) not only killed Cambodians in their own country, but also crossed the border to kill Vietnamese, creating the Baju Massacre, killing 3,157 people and triggering the Vietnamese invasion. Khmer Rouge Fuehrer Khieu Samphan was convicted by a special court of Cambodian courts of crimes against humanity for carrying out the Red Terror and the Holocaust during his reign, with life imprisonment.

然而，苏共和柬共的罪行的总和也赶不上中共的血腥。中共发动政治运动的频度、力度、深度和广度都是苏共与柬共望尘莫及的。苏共和柬共一共杀害和迫害了大约4000万人，而被中共杀害和迫害的人竟高达4500-6000万。苏共和柬共对民众的杀戮集中在对肉体的消灭，就像当年希特勒纳粹法西斯屠杀犹太人那样。但是中共并不满足这一点，而是更加注重于对人的精神和思想的“杀戮”。中共实施的杀戮那是肉体灭绝和精神灭绝双管齐下。肉体的灭绝，其规模再大也只能灭绝人口的一部分；而精神与思想的杀戮，可以无限地覆盖国家的每个角落和民众整体，它所制造的恐怖，笼罩着一个无声的窒息的国度。

However, the sum of the crimes of the CPSU and the KRCP could not keep up with the bloodshed of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). The frequency, intensity, depth, and breadth of the CCP's political campaigns are beyond the reach of the CPSU and the KRCP. The Communist Party of Soviet Union and the Cambodian Communist Party killed and persecuted about 40 million people, and the CCP killed and persecuted as many as 45-60 million. The killing of the populace by the CPSU and the KRCP focused on the physical annihilation, just as Hitler's Nazi fascists massacre of Jews. However, the CCP is not satisfied with this, but pays more attention to the "killing" of people's spirits and thoughts. The CCP's killings are a combination of physical and mental extinction. The extinction of the flesh, no matter how large, can only exterminate a part of the population; while the killing of spirit and thought can infinitely cover every corner of the country and the people as a whole, and the terror it creates envelops a silent suffocating country.

在回顾大屠杀的历史时，应该分清（1）究竟是政府行为，还是民间行为：（2）究竟是战时行为，还是和平时期的行为；（3）分清屠杀的性质属于哪一类：阶级灭绝，种族灭绝，宗教灭绝，政治灭绝，还是民众灭绝？还是全面杀戮？(4)被杀对象具有防卫能力否？

When reviewing the history of the Holocaust, it should be clear whether (1) it was a government action or a civilian action: (2) whether it was a wartime action or a peacetime action; (3) Distinguish which category the nature of slaughter belongs to: class genocide, genocide, religious extinction, political extinction, or popular extinction? Or total killing? (4) Does the target of the killing have defensive capabilities?

 

发生在中国的大屠杀，全部都是（1）政府行为；（2）和平时期；（3）全面杀戮，涵盖几乎所有的人类灭绝类别：阶级的，种族的，宗教的，政治的和整体民众的 （4）被杀对象毫无防卫能力。这些特点足以以大屠杀罪和反人类罪将中国政府告上国际法庭。

The massacres that took place in China were all (1) government actions; (2) peacetime; (3) Total killing, covering almost all categories of human extermination: class, ethnic, religious, political and mass as a whole (4) The target of the killing is defenseless. These features are sufficient to bring the Chinese government to international court for massacres and crimes against humanity.

 

二战以来，作为国家行为的屠杀在民主国家已经基本杜绝，这是文明进步的体现。在文明落后的国家，虽然屠杀时有发生，但如果把民间发生的种族冲突和宗教冲突所引发的屠杀除外，由政府直接操纵的屠杀屈指可数，比如埃塞俄比亚的政治清洗运动，韩国的光州事件。但是发生在中国的由政府主导的屠杀事件的频繁程度则是惊人的，全世界发生的事件与其相比，都如九牛一毛。

Since World War II, massacre as a state action has been basically eliminated in democratic countries, which is the embodiment of civilizational progress. In civilized countries, although massacres occur from time to time, except for the slaughter caused by ethnic and religious conflicts among the people, there are only a few massacres directly manipulated by the government, such as the political purge campaign in Ethiopia and the Gwangju incident in South Korea. But the frequency of government-led massacres in China is staggering, compared with the fact that incidents around the world being dwarfed.

但凡大屠杀，历史都是会清算的。六四大屠杀，不仅让世人看到了中共的残忍，更看到了民众的反抗。从反抗的强度和烈度中，看到这个民族的希望。

地下的火在升腾，只要找到出口，就会喷薄而出。

But where there is a great slaughter, history will be liquidated. The Massacre of June Fourth not only allowed the world to see the cruelty of the CCP, but also saw the resistance of the people. From the intensity of the rebellion, we see the hope of this nation.

The fire underground is rising, and as soon as the exit is found, it will spew out.

 

（本文采纳的大屠杀数据，均来自书刊和网络。确切的数据，有待国家档案的解封）

(The massacre data used in this article comes from books and the Internet.) The exact data, pending the unsealing of the national archives).

 

2022年6月4日 于剑魂禅心斋

 

参考资料：

丁抒：《阳谋》，《人祸》，九十年代杂志社

宋永毅：《文革大屠杀》，开放杂志社

王友琴：《文革受难者》，开放杂志社

杜斌：《天安门屠杀》，明镜出版社

吴仁华：《天安门血腥清场内幕》，真相出版社

《天安门母亲》网站，六四死难者名册，http://www.tiananmenmother.org/

维基百科

 

 

 

大屠杀

• 极权主义的中国特色 （九）

 

The massacre

- Chinese Characteristics of Totalitarianism (9)

By Oliver Tao



（六四大屠杀图片来自《天安门母亲》网站和《六四档案》网站）

(Pictures of the June 4th Massacre are from the website of Tiananmen Mothers and the June 4th Archives website)

屠杀：故意地、大量地杀害‘不具备防卫能力的人类’的行为，称之为屠杀；虽然它不包括战争进行中的杀戮行为，但包括对失去反抗能力的战俘和平民的杀戮行为。

Massacre: The deliberate and massive killing of 'undefensible human beings' is called massacre; although it does not include slaughter during war, it does include slaughter of incapacitated prisoners of war and civilians.

大屠杀：较为严重的具有一定规模的屠杀行为，称之为大屠杀。大屠杀通常是政府行为，或政府许可和默认的行为；大屠杀是国家公器最血腥的犯罪形式，它可以有一下这些类别：

Holocaust: A more serious massacre with a certain scale is called a holocaust. Holocausts are usually acts of government, or sanctioned and acquiesced by governments; Holocausts are the bloodiest form of crime on the state apparatus, and it can fall into the following categories:

阶级灭绝：清除和杀戮阶级异己分子，或整体灭绝某一社会阶级；设置特色图片

种族灭绝：清除和杀戮一个种族、族群、或国族；

政治灭绝：清除和杀戮政治异见者和政治反对派；

宗教灭绝：清除和杀戮某一异教和异教徒，或者清除和杀戮所有宗教和宗教信徒。

民众灭绝：一个国家对本国或外国国民进行的广泛的灭绝行为。并非特指某个阶级、族群、政党、或教徒；它是针对民众整体的杀戮。

Class extermination: the removal and killing of class dissidents, or the total extermination of a social class;

Genocide: The removal and killing of a race, ethnic group, or nation;

Political genocide: the removal and killing of political dissidents and political opponents;

Religious Extermination: The eradication and killing of a certain pagan religion and infidels, or the eradication and killing of all religions and adherents of religions.

Popular extermination: A widespread act of extermination by a state against its own or foreign nationals. It does not refer to a particular class, ethnic group, political party, or religious; it is the killing of the population as a whole.

1989年6月4日发生在北京由中国政府调动野战部队对手无寸铁的市民和学生使用坦克和机枪扫射的行为完全符合上述关于“大屠杀”的定义，尤其是“民众灭绝”的定义，即针对民众整体的杀戮。六四是一场地地道道的大屠杀。

On June 4, 1989, in Beijing, the Chinese government mobilized field troops using tanks and machine guns to fire on unarmed citizens and students. It is completely in line with the above definition of "massacre", especially the definition of "Population extermination", that is, the killing of the population as a whole. June 4th was a downright massacre.

反人类罪包括对人类的迫害，对人类的虐待和对人类的杀戮。毫无异议，六四屠杀是中国政府动用国家机器犯下的反人类罪。

Crimes against humanity include the persecution of human beings, the abuse of human beings and the killing of human beings. There is no doubt that the June 4 massacre is a crime against humanity committed by the Chinese government using its state apparatus.

由《天安门母亲》网站记录在案的六四屠杀遇难者就有203名。这是民间收集的数据，是死难者家属克服重重阻力，三三两两收集起来的数据，距离真实的死难者人数还相去甚远。由于中国官方拒绝公布真实数据，故被杀害的死难者的实际人数肯定远在此数字之上。民间学者对六四屠杀罹难人数的估计在2,000-10,000不等。

The Tiananmen Mothers website recorded 203 victims of the June 4 massacre. This is the data collected by the private sector, the data collected in dribs and drabs by the families of the deceased overcoming many obstacles, and it is still far from the actual number of victims. Since Chinese officials refuse to release real figures, the actual number of people killed must be much higher. Folk scholars' estimates of the death toll of the June 4 massacre range from 2,000 to 10,000.

伊拉克前总统萨达姆·侯赛因在1982年杀害了148名杜贾尔村什叶派村民，于2006年被判定危害人类罪，并被处以死刑立即实行。

科索沃前总统哈希姆·萨奇涉及100宗对政治异见者的谋杀案，被海牙国际法庭指控为危害人类罪。

对比上例，将六四屠杀称之为“大屠杀”，定之为反人类罪，完全符合国际惯例。

Former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein, who killed 148 Shiite villagers in the village of Dujar in 1982, was convicted of crimes against humanity in 2006 and sentenced to death immediately.

Former Kosovo President Hashem Saatchi has been charged with crimes against humanity by the International Court of Justice in The Hague in connection with 100 murders of political dissidents.

In contrast to the previous example, calling the June 4 massacre a "massacre" and defining it as a crime against humanity is completely in line with international practice.

在天安门母亲网站里，高耸着一座座六四死难者纪念碑:

编号001 蒋捷连：男，遇难年龄17，青涩少年。在木樨地，子弹从背后左侧穿胸而过，伤及心脏。送儿童医院抢救无效死亡。

编号002 王楠：男，遇难年龄19，在南长街南口头部中弹倒地。戒严部队禁止救护队抢救，身亡；

编号003 杨明湖：男，遇难年龄42，在东长安街，遭遇戒严部队扫射，腹部中弹，身亡；

编号016 段昌隆：男，遇难年龄24，左侧心脏大动脉中弹，系小口径手枪近距离射击致死；

编号017王卫萍：女，遇难年龄25，在木樨地附近抢救伤员时，颈部动脉中弹而亡；

编号019 王培文：男，遇难年龄21，在六部口被坦克碾死；

编号020董晓军：男，遇难年龄20，在六部口被坦克碾死；

编号021袁力：男，遇难年龄29，在木樨地咽部中弹，子弹将胸部穿透，死亡……

编号023吴国锋：男，遇难年龄21，连中四枪，一枪在后脑勺上，腹部有8公分刺刀刀口；

编号048林仁富：男，遇难年龄30，北科大应届博士毕业生，在六部口被坦克碾死；

编号054田道民：男，遇难年龄22，在六部口被坦克碾死；

编号078龚纪芳：女，遇难年龄19，花样年华。在六部口左胳膊中弹（炸子）倒地，由毒瓦斯造成肺部糜烂，送北京市急救中心，抢救无效身亡……

编号102罗维：男，遇难年龄30，腹内取出两颗子弹，一颗为汤姆弹，在腹内炸开，伤及肝、肾、胆、胃及消化道，广安医院曾作肝、胃修补术，不治，死于急性肾功能衰竭；

编号156杜光旭：男，遇难年龄24，被戒严部队击中太阳穴，在送往医院的途中死亡；

编号167李浩成：男，遇难年龄20，被戒严部队击中两弹，致命一弹位于肝部，送同仁医院抢救无效死亡；

……

正是天安门母亲把这些悲惨的故事公诸于世，维护了死者和生者的尊严，她们是六四屠杀的见证者，她们的每一篇证词都是大史笔，都将以历史的悲苍感召后人。

On the Tiananmen Mothers website, there are monuments to the victims of June 4:

No. 001 Jiang Jielian: Male, 17 years old when killed, young boy. In Muxidi, the bullet passed through the chest from the back and left, injuring the heart. He died after being sent to the Children's Hospital.

No. 002 Wang Nan: Male, aged 19, he was shot in the head at the south entrance of Nanchang Street and fell to the ground. Martial law troops forbid the ambulance team to rescue, died;

No. 003 Yang Minghu: Male, aged 42, on East Chang'an Avenue, he was shot by martial law troops, shot in the abdomen, and died;

No. 016 Duan Changlong: male, aged 24, was shot in the left heart aorta, killed by a small-caliber pistol at close range;

No. 017 Wang Weiping: Female, aged 25, was shot in the neck artery while rescuing the wounded near Muxidi;

No. 019 Wang Peiwen: Male, age 21, was run over by a tank at Liubukou;

No. 020 Dong Xiaojun: Male, aged 20, was run over by a tank at Liubukou;

No. 021 Yuan Li: Male, age 29, was shot in the throat of Muxidi, the bullet penetrated the chest, died...

Serial No. 023 Wu Guofeng: Male, aged 21, was shot four times in a row, one on the back of the head, and had an 8 cm bayonet blade on his abdomen;

No. 048 Lin Renfu: Male, age 30, a fresh doctoral graduate of Beijing University of Science and Technology, was run over by a tank in Liubukou;

No. 054 Tian Daomin: Male, age 22, was run over by a tank at Liubukou;

No. 078 Gong Jifang: Female, aged 19, in the Mood for Love. He was shot (explosive) in Liubukou's left arm and fell to the ground, his lungs were eroded by poisonous gas, and he was sent to the Beijing Emergency Center.

No. 102 Luo Wei: Male, aged 30, two bullets were taken out of the abdomen, one was Tom bomb, which exploded in the abdomen, injuring the liver, kidney, gallbladder, stomach and digestive tract. Guang'an Hospital used to make liver and stomach Repair surgery, died, died of acute renal failure;

No. 156 Du Guangxu: Male, age 24, was hit in the temple by martial law troops and died on the way to the hospital;

No. 167 Li Haocheng: Male, age 20, was hit by martial law troops twice, and the fatal one was located in the liver. He was sent to Tongren Hospital and died after being rescued.

六四屠杀是偶发事件吗？当然不是，它是极权主义大屠杀链中必然的一环，是共产主义政权一系列大屠杀中的一个而已。

早在上个世纪五十年代，中共刚刚夺取政权，为肃清敌对势力，便开始发动了一系列的政治运动，而每次的政治运动的过程和结果都指向对普通民众的迫害、监禁和杀戮，比如：

Was the June 4 massacre an accidental event? Of course not, it is an inevitable link in the chain of totalitarian massacres, one in a series of massacres by the communist regime.

As early as the 1950s, just after the CCP seized power, in order to eliminate hostile forces, it launched a series of political campaigns, and the process and results of each political campaign pointed to the persecution, imprisonment and killing of ordinary people. ,for example:

土地改革运动，在消灭中国农村地主和乡绅阶级，摧毁中国传统文明和道德的同时，由于运动的暴力和血腥方式，造成大约100-500万人非正常死亡（在这个过程中大量的地主富农及其家属被处决）。这是一场典型的阶级灭绝运动。

镇压反革命运动，简称“镇反运动”。根据中共中央党史研究室的报告显示：这场运动动用政府和军队力量，共抓捕了260万人，镇压了157·6万人，处决了87·3万人。而民间学者估计镇反运动共处决了大约100-200万人。这是典型的阶级灭绝加政治灭绝运动。

三反五反运动，又称“打老虎运动”，是针对工商界的整肃运动，反击资本家对党的“猖狂进攻”，许多资本家和工商人士或被迫自杀，或被处决，或被折磨致死。这是阶级清洗运动。

肃反运动，全称“肃清暗藏的反革命分子运动”，是“镇反运动”的后继运动，有超过10万人被俘，5.3万人非正常死亡。这属于阶级灭绝和政治灭绝运动。

反右运动，据官方数据显示，有55万人遭受迫害，其中主要为批评中国共产党的知识分子，他们被戴上“反党”的帽子，或被改造和关押，或被折磨致死，或含冤自杀，或被处决。虽然死亡人数不确定，但各地均有大量的知识分子被整死。这是典型的政治灭绝运动。

大跃进运动，又称“三面红旗运动”，是导致1960年中国大饥荒的主要原因之一。大饥荒夺走了大约2000万至4500万人的生命。人为造成的饥荒是屠杀的另一种形式。这是危害人类罪。

四清运动，为防修反修而在中国农村展开的政治运动，又称“社会主义教育运动”，“清政治，清经济，清组织，清思想”。暴力事件频发，一共肃整了532万人，其中7.8万人被整死，逼死。这是民众灭绝的初期表现。

The land reform movement, while eradicating China's rural landlords and gentry classes, and destroying traditional Chinese civilization and morality, caused about 1-5 million unnatural deaths due to the violent and bloody methods of the movement (during this process, a large number of landlords, rich peasants and family members were executed). This is a typical class extermination movement.

Suppression of counter-revolutionary movements, referred to as "repression of counter-revolutionary movements". According to the report of the Party History Research Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, this movement used the power of the government and the army to arrest 2.6 million people, suppress 1.576 million people, and execute 873,000 people. Folk scholars estimate that the anti-revolutionary movement executed about 1-2 million people. This is a typical class extermination and political extermination movement.

The Three-Anti-Five-Anti Movement, also known as the "Tiger Fighting Movement", is a purging campaign against the industrial and commercial circles to counter the "rampant attack" of the capitalists against the Party. Many capitalists and businessmen were forced to commit suicide, or were executed, or tortured to death. . This is a class cleansing movement.

The campaign to eradicate counter-revolutionaries, the full name of the campaign to eliminate hidden counter-revolutionaries, was the successor to the campaign to suppress counter-revolutionaries. More than 100,000 people were captured and 53,000 died unnaturally. This is the class extermination and political extermination movement.

In the anti-rightist movement, according to official data, 550,000 people have been persecuted, mainly intellectuals critical of the Chinese Communist Party. They have been labeled as "anti-Party", or have been reformed and imprisoned, or tortured to death, or have been wronged commit suicide, or be executed. Although the death toll is uncertain, a large number of intellectuals were killed everywhere. This is a typical genocide movement.

The Great Leap Forward Movement, also known as the "Three Red Flags Movement", was one of the main causes of the Great Famine in China in 1960. The Great Famine claimed between 20 and 45 million lives. Man-made famines are another form of slaughter. This is a crime against humanity.

The Four Cleansing Movement, a political movement launched in rural China to prevent and reverse revisionism, is also known as the "socialist education movement", "clean up politics, clean up economy, clean up organization, clean up thought". Violent incidents occurred frequently, and a total of 5.32 million people were purged, of which 78,000 were tortured to death. This is the first manifestation of the extinction of the people.

文化大革命，批斗、武斗、政治大清洗，破四旧（砸庙宇，砸道覌，砸教堂），一打三反运动，清查五一六反革命集团，清理阶级队伍，造成大约一亿人受到迫害，至少172万至2000万人非正常死亡。发生在各地的大屠杀，较为严重的有：

“广西文革大屠杀”，不仅把专政对象杀死，甚至发生了人吃人的现象，罹难人数达10-15万；

“广东文革大屠杀”，包括阳江大屠杀和儋县大屠杀，罹难人数约4600；

“湖南文革大屠杀”，包括道县大屠杀和邵阳县大屠杀，罹难人数约1万多；

“江西文革大屠杀”，包括发生在瑞金、兴国和于都县的大屠杀，罹难人数约1000人；

“云南文革大屠杀”，包括滇西挺进纵队案、赵健民特务案和沙甸事件，罹难人数约8800人；

“四川文革大屠杀”，包括万州和涪陵事件，罹难人数约693人。

文化大革命集阶级灭绝，种族灭绝，政治灭绝，宗教灭绝和民众灭绝之大成。

清查“五·一六反革命集团”运动，整肃扩大化，几百万人遭到迫害，整死了大约10万人。这属于政治灭绝行为。

The Cultural Revolution, criticism fight, martial fight, political purges, the destruction of the four olds (smashing temples, smashing Taoist temples, and smashing churches), one attack and three anti-movements, an inspection of the May 16 counter-revolutionary groups, and a clean-up of the class ranks, resulting in about 100 million people being harassed. Persecution, at least 1.72 million to 20 million unnatural deaths. The most serious massacres in various provinces and places are:

The "Guangxi Cultural Revolution Massacre" not only killed the target of dictatorship, but even caused the phenomenon of cannibalism, with the number of victims reaching 100,000-150,000;

The "Guangdong Cultural Revolution Massacre", including the Yangjiang Massacre and the Danxian Massacre, killed about 4,600 people;

The "Hunan Cultural Revolution Massacre", including the Daoxian Massacre and the Shaoyang County Massacre, killed about 10,000 people;

"Jiangxi Cultural Revolution Massacre", including the massacres in Ruijin, Xingguo and Yudu counties, with about 1,000 casualties;

"Yunnan Cultural Revolution Massacre", including the case of advancing column in western Yunnan, the Zhao Jianmin spy case and the Shadian incident, the number of victims was about 8,800;

The "Sichuan Cultural Revolution Massacre", including the Wanzhou and Fuling incidents, killed about 693 people.

The Cultural Revolution was the culmination of class extermination, genocide, political extermination, religious extermination and popular extermination.

The "May 16th Counter-Revolutionary Group" movement was investigated and expanded. Millions of people were persecuted, and about 100,000 people died. This is an act of political genocide.

藏区骚乱，军事镇压造成8.7万人死亡。属于种族灭绝和宗教灭绝。

“内人党”事件，对“内蒙古人民革命党”进行的政治清洗，近百万人受到牵连，罹难人数约2-10万，多为蒙古族。这是一起大血案，大冤案，这是种族灭绝事件。

新疆再教育营，关押着将近一百万人，对维吾尔民族进行语言和文化清洗，破坏民族信仰，强制将孩童与父母分离，强迫实施绝育，被人权组织指控为“种族灭绝”和‘人口灭绝“。

The riots in Tibetan areas and the military crackdown resulted in the death of 87,000 people. Belonging to genocide and religious genocide.

The "Inner People's Party" incident, the political purge of the "Inner Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party", implicated nearly one million people, and the number of victims was about 20,000 to 100,000, mostly Mongolians. This is a big bloody case, a big injustice, this is a genocide.

Xinjiang re-education camps, detaining nearly one million people, carrying out linguistic and cultural cleansing of the Uyghur ethnic group, destroying national beliefs, forcibly separating children from their parents, forcibly sterilizing, accused by human rights organizations of "genocide" and 'demographic genocide' ".

以上仅仅是对中国国家机器对普通民众实施大屠杀的初略估计，发生在中国的这些大屠杀和血腥暴力具有历史的惯性，每隔两三年就要再来一次，或者隔三五年再来一次。在极权主义中国，要维持统治就必须持续地制造恐怖；而要持续地制造恐怖，就要持续地对百姓进行杀戮。制造各种各样的借口实行大屠杀则被视为主要手段。大屠杀—>恐怖威慑—>维持统治，这就是极权主义血腥统治的逻辑。

The above is only a preliminary estimate of the massacres carried out by the Chinese state apparatus against ordinary people, and these massacres and bloody violence in China have a historical inertia, and they must be repeated every two or three years, or every three or five years. In totalitarian China, to maintain its rule, it is necessary to continue to create terror; And to continue to create terror, it is necessary to continue to kill the people. The creation of various pretexts for mass murder was seen as the main means. The Holocaust – > terror deterrence – > maintain its rule, and this is the logic of totalitarian bloody rule.

这些大屠杀和血腥暴力都是有预谋的国家机器犯罪行为，多数为国家公权犯罪和国家刑事犯罪。中共滥用国家权力和国家公器大规模肃整、抓捕、关监和屠杀民众，这是彻头彻尾的公权犯罪；即便按照当时中国的法律来判，这些屠杀行为之野蛮、之残暴、之毫无人性，皆可依据刑事法入罪，因此，可以确切地说这些屠杀都是国家刑事犯罪。这些屠杀属于国家机器实行的大屠杀。

These massacres and bloody violence are premeditated state-machine crimes, most of which are crimes committed by the public power of the State and criminal offenses of the State. The CCP's abuse of state power and state instruments to purge, arrest, imprison, and slaughter the people on a large scale is a complete crime of public power; Even if it was judged according to the laws of China at that time, the barbarism, brutality, and inhumanity of these massacres could be criminalized under the criminal law, so it can be said with certainty that these massacres were all state criminal offenses. These massacres belong to the mass slaughters carried out by the state apparatus.

这一系列的大屠杀和血腥暴力都得到了所谓的社会主义制度的保障，正是这个制度提供了杀人机器，提供了积极实施屠杀参与屠杀的党的各级机构和党员，提供了军人、警察、国安乃至武装民兵，提供了监狱，提供了物质保障，屠杀才可能进行，因此这些屠杀又属于制度性的大屠杀。

This series of massacres and bloody violence was guaranteed by the so-called socialist system, which provided the killing machine, the party organs and party members at all levels, who actively carried out the massacres and participated in the massacres, provided the soldiers, the polices, the national security and even the armed militias, prisons, and material support, so that massacres could be carried out. These massacres belonged to the institutional massacre.

这一系列的大屠杀和血腥暴力都是在共产党的意识形态之下，以“革命的名义”，以“政治正确”的名义进行的。这些以革命的名义和政治正确的名义所形成的巨大的舆论场，推动着屠杀向前。因此这些屠杀又可谓之以意识形态杀人，或意识形态性质的大屠杀。

This series  of massacres and bloody violence was carried out under the ideology of the Communist Party, in the name of "revolution" and in the name of "political correctness." These huge fields of public opinion, formed in the name of revolution and political correctness, pushed the slaughter forward. Therefore, these massacres can also be described as ideological killings, or ideological massacres.

在全世界范围内，共产主义政权下的大屠杀共造成总计8500万到1亿人的非正常死亡。规模较大的杀戮主要发生在三个国家，它们分别是前苏联，共产党中国和红色高棉领导下的柬埔寨；规模较小的杀戮发生在北朝鲜、越南、东德、罗马尼亚，保加利亚和匈牙利。不论大屠杀发生在那个国家，都带有明显的法西斯特征。

Worldwide, massacres under communist regimes have resulted in the unnatural deaths of a total of 85 million to 100 million people. The larger killings occurred mainly in three countries: the former Soviet Union, Communist China and Cambodia under the leadership of the Khmer Rouge; Smaller killings took place in North Korea, Vietnam, East Germany, Romania, Bulgaria and Hungary. Whether the Holocaust took place in that country, it had a distinctly fascist character.

苏联在斯大林黑暗统治时期，根据其政治局委员雅科夫列夫所作《共产主义记录》一书记载，被杀害的人约为2000万，根据斯坦福大学胡佛研究所苏联史学家康奎斯基的《大恐怖》一书记载，苏共中央要对至少1500万人的死亡负责。将阶级敌人就地正法的红色恐怖，对哥萨克的种族灭绝，被称之为大清洗的政治迫害运动，古拉格集中营，内务人民委员会，蒙古大清洗，卡廷大屠杀，波罗的海屠杀，乌克兰大饥荒，包括普京近期在乌克兰实行的布查大屠杀，等等，死人无数，从斯大林的苏联到普京的俄罗斯所杀害的人数大约在3000万到4000万。

During Stalin's dark reign, the Soviet Union, according to the book "Record of Communism" by its Politburo commissioner Yakovlev, about 20 million people were killed; according to the book "The Great Terror" by the Soviet historian At the Hoover Institute at Stanford University, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) was responsible for the deaths of at least 15 million people. The Red Terror that brought class enemies to justice on the spot, the genocide against the Cossacks, the political persecution campaign known as the “Great Purge”, the Gulag concentration camps, the NKVDs, the Great Purge of Mongolia, the Katyn Massacre, the Baltic Massacre, the Great Famine in Ukraine, including Putin's recent Butcha Massacre in Ukraine and so on. Countless people are killed. The number of people killed, from Stalin's Soviet Union to Putin's Russia, is about 30 million to 40 million.

柬埔寨的红色高棉在其实行国家社会主义统治期间，大约有220万人被处死或被迫害致死。全国大约有150处杀人场和万人坑，2万多处墓地，埋葬着110万死难者。可谓尸骨成山。这个只有700万人口的小国，竟然有三分之一的人，被迫害致死，令人毛骨悚然。红色高棉不仅杀害本国柬埔寨人，还越过边境杀害越南人，制造了巴祝大屠杀，杀害了3157人，并引发越南入侵。红色高棉元首乔森潘由于在其统治期间实施红色恐怖和大屠杀被柬埔寨法院特别法庭判决危害人类罪，终身监禁。

During Cambodia's Khmer Rouge National Socialist rule, about 2.2 million people were executed or persecuted to death. There are about 150 killing fields and mass graves in the country, more than 20,000 cemeteries, and 1.1 million victims are buried. It can be described as a mountain of bones. In this small country of only 7 million people, one-third of the population has been persecuted to death, which is terrifying. The Khmer Rouge Communist Party (KRCP) not only killed Cambodians in their own country, but also crossed the border to kill Vietnamese, creating the Baju Massacre, killing 3,157 people and triggering the Vietnamese invasion. Khmer Rouge Fuehrer Khieu Samphan was convicted by a special court of Cambodian courts of crimes against humanity for carrying out the Red Terror and the Holocaust during his reign, with life imprisonment.

然而，苏共和柬共的罪行的总和也赶不上中共的血腥。中共发动政治运动的频度、力度、深度和广度都是苏共与柬共望尘莫及的。苏共和柬共一共杀害和迫害了大约4000万人，而被中共杀害和迫害的人竟高达4500-6000万。苏共和柬共对民众的杀戮集中在对肉体的消灭，就像当年希特勒纳粹法西斯屠杀犹太人那样。但是中共并不满足这一点，而是更加注重于对人的精神和思想的“杀戮”。中共实施的杀戮那是肉体灭绝和精神灭绝双管齐下。肉体的灭绝，其规模再大也只能灭绝人口的一部分；而精神与思想的杀戮，可以无限地覆盖国家的每个角落和民众整体，它所制造的恐怖，笼罩着一个无声的窒息的国度。

However, the sum of the crimes of the CPSU and the KRCP could not keep up with the bloodshed of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). The frequency, intensity, depth, and breadth of the CCP's political campaigns are beyond the reach of the CPSU and the KRCP. The Communist Party of Soviet Union and the Cambodian Communist Party killed and persecuted about 40 million people, and the CCP killed and persecuted as many as 45-60 million. The killing of the populace by the CPSU and the KRCP focused on the physical annihilation, just as Hitler's Nazi fascists massacre of Jews. However, the CCP is not satisfied with this, but pays more attention to the "killing" of people's spirits and thoughts. The CCP's killings are a combination of physical and mental extinction. The extinction of the flesh, no matter how large, can only exterminate a part of the population; while the killing of spirit and thought can infinitely cover every corner of the country and the people as a whole, and the terror it creates envelops a silent suffocating country.

在回顾大屠杀的历史时，应该分清（1）究竟是政府行为，还是民间行为：（2）究竟是战时行为，还是和平时期的行为；（3）分清屠杀的性质属于哪一类：阶级灭绝，种族灭绝，宗教灭绝，政治灭绝，还是民众灭绝？还是全面杀戮？(4)被杀对象具有防卫能力否？

When reviewing the history of the Holocaust, it should be clear whether (1) it was a government action or a civilian action: (2) whether it was a wartime action or a peacetime action; (3) Distinguish which category the nature of slaughter belongs to: class genocide, genocide, religious extinction, political extinction, or popular extinction? Or total killing? (4) Does the target of the killing have defensive capabilities?

 

发生在中国的大屠杀，全部都是（1）政府行为；（2）和平时期；（3）全面杀戮，涵盖几乎所有的人类灭绝类别：阶级的，种族的，宗教的，政治的和整体民众的 （4）被杀对象毫无防卫能力。这些特点足以以大屠杀罪和反人类罪将中国政府告上国际法庭。

The massacres that took place in China were all (1) government actions; (2) peacetime; (3) Total killing, covering almost all categories of human extermination: class, ethnic, religious, political and mass as a whole (4) The target of the killing is defenseless. These features are sufficient to bring the Chinese government to international court for massacres and crimes against humanity.

 

二战以来，作为国家行为的屠杀在民主国家已经基本杜绝，这是文明进步的体现。在文明落后的国家，虽然屠杀时有发生，但如果把民间发生的种族冲突和宗教冲突所引发的屠杀除外，由政府直接操纵的屠杀屈指可数，比如埃塞俄比亚的政治清洗运动，韩国的光州事件。但是发生在中国的由政府主导的屠杀事件的频繁程度则是惊人的，全世界发生的事件与其相比，都如九牛一毛。

Since World War II, massacre as a state action has been basically eliminated in democratic countries, which is the embodiment of civilizational progress. In civilized countries, although massacres occur from time to time, except for the slaughter caused by ethnic and religious conflicts among the people, there are only a few massacres directly manipulated by the government, such as the political purge campaign in Ethiopia and the Gwangju incident in South Korea. But the frequency of government-led massacres in China is staggering, compared with the fact that incidents around the world being dwarfed.

但凡大屠杀，历史都是会清算的。六四大屠杀，不仅让世人看到了中共的残忍，更看到了民众的反抗。从反抗的强度和烈度中，看到这个民族的希望。

地下的火在升腾，只要找到出口，就会喷薄而出。

But where there is a great slaughter, history will be liquidated. The Massacre of June Fourth not only allowed the world to see the cruelty of the CCP, but also saw the resistance of the people. From the intensity of the rebellion, we see the hope of this nation.

The fire underground is rising, and as soon as the exit is found, it will spew out.

 

（本文采纳的大屠杀数据，均来自书刊和网络。确切的数据，有待国家档案的解封）

(The massacre data used in this article comes from books and the Internet.) The exact data, pending the unsealing of the national archives).

 

2022年6月4日 于剑魂禅心斋

 

参考资料：

丁抒：《阳谋》，《人祸》，九十年代杂志社

宋永毅：《文革大屠杀》，开放杂志社

王友琴：《文革受难者》，开放杂志社

杜斌：《天安门屠杀》，明镜出版社

吴仁华：《天安门血腥清场内幕》，真相出版社

《天安门母亲》网站，六四死难者名册，http://www.tiananmenmother.org/

维基百科