请看热点：西藏问题
(2006年10月06日)
攀登珠峰者眼睁睁看着藏人被枪杀
英国《独立报》外事记者列奥纳德·多伊尔 2006年10月6日报道 （山子译）
攀登珠峰的登山爱好者正准备发起冲击时，却目瞪口呆地看到中国驻扎在西藏-尼泊尔边境的边防军向企图越境的西藏人开火，至少打死两人。
上星期六，这些藏人正准备翻越囊帕拉山口时，珠峰的先头大本营突然被中国士兵包围。珠峰攀登者经常看到商人和难民乘坐大篷车离开西藏，但是这次是历史上首次有西方登山者目击中国人民解放军枪击西藏逃难者。
中国政府将自己宣传为西藏人民的朋友和保护者，而严酷的现实是三百万藏人经历着军事占领，这次枪杀事件凸现了这两幅画面的格格不入。在北京迎向两年后的奥运会之际，枪击事件重新引起了国际社会对中国人权纪录的关切。
每年都有几百名藏人从中国占领下出走流亡。一般他们选择边远的、无人看守的山口。从在卓奥友峰为准备攀登珠峰者设立的先头大本营，能看到大约 70
名藏人男女、儿童试图穿越囊帕拉山口从中国一侧进入尼泊尔。
在登山者网站 mounteverest.net 上，一名匿名的登山者描述了现场情形，士兵向着手无寸铁的队伍开枪，逼近藏人，逃亡者惊慌失措。
他写道：
"9月30日清晨，我走出餐饮帐篷，向囊帕拉山口眺望。我看到一队西藏人向山口进发，这是司空见惯的，因为每一年的这段时间是通商时节。
"然后，毫无预警地，枪声大作，一轮，一轮，又一轮。队伍开始朝山上逃散，这里是19000英尺。看起来，有人向中国军队告密说有人逃亡，于是带枪上阵了。
"目睹队伍在雪地上蜿蜒奔命，枪声四起，我们注意到两个人形仆倒。望远镜下就清楚了：两人倒下，没有再起来。接着，更多军队包围了先头大本营。"
以前中国军队也曾向逃亡者开火，但是这一次是近年来首次致人死命。
西藏与尼泊尔之间宽阔的囊帕拉山口，几百年来是商旅的传统路线。不少藏人穿越山口到南哲的星期六市场上出售手工艺品和中国商品，也有人在尼泊尔和印度避难。
一位25岁的枪击事件幸存者逃入了尼泊尔。他在加德满都对志愿者说："当机关枪开始在四周开火，我们四散逃命。我们退回原地躲开军人。过去好几个钟头以后，我们在半夜越过囊帕拉山口，然后整日在尼泊尔一侧步行，因为我们吓坏了。"
加德满都的西藏难民接待中心负责人隆珠多杰说，42名逃亡者进入尼泊尔，但是其他人下落不明。难民接待中心目前与幸存者保持联系。
西藏精神领袖达赖喇嘛自1959年中国入侵以来一直流亡印度。他多次重申他愿意与北京展开 "合理的谈判"
来保护留在家园的藏人。但是中国政府不断拒绝他提出的，并继续严厉对待逃离共产党迫害的藏人。
中国政府对枪击事件迄未评论。
Tibetan Refugees shot dead as Everest climers watch
By Leonard Doyle, Foreign Editor
Published: 06 October 2006
Within sight of horrified climbers preparing an assault on Everest, Chinese
troops stationed on the Tibet-Nepal border have shot dead at least two Tibetan
refugees trying to cross the border.
The refugees were trying to reach Nangpa La pass last Saturday and the
Everest advance base camp was swarmed by Chinese troops after the shootout.
Climbers regularly see caravans of traders and refugees crossing out of Tibet,
but this is the first witness report by western climbers of the People's
Liberation Army shooting refugees.
The killings highlight the yawning gap between China's state propaganda,
which cast it as the friend and protector of the Tibetan people and the harsh
reality of a brutal military occupation as experienced by three million
Tibetans. The shootings also revive concerns about Beijing's human rights record
as it prepares to host the Olympic Games in two years.
Every year, hundreds of Tibetan refugees escape from Chinese occupation.
They try to cross at more isolated passes which are usually unguarded. About 70
Tibetan men, women and children were trying to cross the Nangpa La pass from
China into Nepal within sight of the advance base camp at Cho Oyu, which was
teeming with climbers preparing for Everest.
An unnamed climber, writing on the website mounteverest.net, said that the
Chinese troops opened fire on the defenceless column and that the refugees
panicked as the soldiers moved in.
"Early morning of 30 September, I walked out of our dining tent to gaze over
towards the Nangpa La pass. I saw a line of Tibetans heading towards the start
of the pass, a common sight, as the trade routes are open this time of year.
"Then, without warning, shots rang out. Over, and over and over. Then the
line of people started to run uphill; they were at 19,000ft. Apparently the
Chinese army was tipped off about their attempted escape, and had showed up with
guns.
"Watching the line snake off through the snow, as the shots rang out, we saw
two shapes fall. The binoculars confirmed it: two people were down, and they
weren't getting up. Then more Chinese army swarmed through ABC (advance base
camp)."
Refugees have been shot at along the border before, but this was the first
time in recent years that Chinese troops had killed any.
The wide Nangpa La pass, between Tibet and Nepal, has been a common traders'
route for centuries.Many Tibetans cross the pass to sell their traditional craft
and Chinese goods in Namche Bazaar's Saturday market then return home, but some
seek refuge in Nepal or India.
A 25-year-old who survived the shooting escaped to Nepal. He told activists
in Kathmandu: "When the machine-gun fire started hitting around us, we ran in
all directions. We ran back where we came from just trying to avoid the army.
After hiding from the gun blasts for many hours, we climbed over Nangpa La in
the middle of the night and walked the entire day on the Nepal side because we
were so scared."
Lhundup Dorjee, of the Kathmandu-based Tibet Refugee Centre, said that 42
people had managed to enter Nepal but there was no information about the others.
The refugee centre is in contact with the survivors.
Tibet's spiritual leader, the Dalai Lama, has been in exile in India since
the Chinese invasion of 1959. He has repeatedly said he was willing to engage
"reasonable talks" with Beijing to protect those Tibetans who have stayed behind
in their homeland. But the Chinese government has always rejected his offer and
continues to treat harshly those who flee Communist repression in their country.
There has been no comment by the Chinese authorities on the shootings. (记者：蔡楚)
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